Designed by François Baillairgé between 1819 and 1822, the imposing stone structure is the finest example of Neo-Palladianism, characteristic of the British influence, in Quebec. The nine chimney stacks on the roof are evidence of a concern for the prisoners' comfort. The building ceased to function as a prison in 1986. Nowadays, it features an interpretation centre; 20 of its cells present different aspects of prison life.